The Cosmological Constant and Discrete Space-times
نویسندگان
چکیده
In this thesis the cosmological constant is investigated from two points of view. First, we study the influence of a time-dependent cosmological constant on the late-time expansion of the universe. Thereby, we consider several combinations of scaling laws motivated by renormalisation group running and different choices for the interpretation of the renormalisation scale. Apart from well known solutions like de Sitter final states we also observe the appearance of future singularities. As the second topic we explore vacuum energy in the context of discrete extra dimensions, and we calculate the Casimir energy density as a contribution to the cosmological constant. The results are applied in a deconstruction scenario, where we propose a method to determine the zero-point energy of quantum fields in four dimensions. In a related way we find a lower bound on the size of a discrete gravitational extra dimension, and finally we discuss the graviton and fermion mass spectra in a scenario, where the extra dimensions form a discrete curved disk. Zusammenfassung In dieser Arbeit wird die kosmologische Konstante aus zwei verschiedenen Blickwinkeln untersucht. Als erstes behandeln wir den Einfluß einer zeitabhängigen kosmologischen Konstante auf die Entwicklung des Universums zu späten Zeiten. Dabei betrachten wir mehrere Skalengesetze, die vom Renormierungsgruppenlaufen herrühren, und außerdem verschiedene Möglichkeiten, die Renormierungsskala festzulegen. Neben bekannten Lösungen wie dem de Sitter Kosmos beobachten wir auch das Auftreten von Singularitäten in endlicher Zukunft. Der zweite Schwerpunkt dieser Arbeit stellt Vakuumenergie in diskreten extra Dimensionen dar, wo die Casimirenergiedichte als Beitrag zur kosmologischen Konstante berechnet wird. Im Rahmen von Deconstruction verwenden wir die Ergebnisse, um eine Möglichkeit zu finden, die Nullpunktsenergie von Quantenfeldern in vier Dimensionen zu bestimmen. Ebenso leiten wir eine untere Schranke für die Größe einer diskreten gravitativen extra Dimension her. Und schließlich diskutieren wir die Massenspektren von Gravitonen und Fermionen in einem Modell, bei dem die extra Dimensionen eine diskrete gekrümmte Scheibe bilden.
منابع مشابه
افت و خیزهای برداری حول جواب وسون
In Wesson's canonical model, the universe is assumed to be five dimensional (5D) empty space time. This model corresponds to a solution of the Einstein field equation in five dimensions which, from a four dimensional point of view, is equivalent to a universe with a positive cosmological constant. In this model, the fifth direction is perpendicular to the four dimensional space time and is not...
متن کاملSelf-Replicating Space-Cells and the Cosmological Constant
We consider what the implications would be if there were a discrete fundamental model of physics based on locally-finite self-interacting information, in which there is no presumption of the familiar space and laws of physics, but from which such space and laws can nevertheless be shown to be able to emerge stably from such a fundamental model. We argue that if there is such a model, then the f...
متن کاملOn a spacetime duality in 2 + 1 gravity
We consider 2 + 1 dimensional gravity with a cosmological constant, and explore a duality that exists between space-times that have the De Sitter group SO(3, 1) as its local isometry group. In particular, the Lorentzian theory with a positive cosmological constant is dual to the Euclidean theory with a negative cosmological constant. We use this duality to construct a mapping between apparently...
متن کاملNon-singular, Vacuum, Stationary Space-times with a Negative Cosmological Constant
We construct infinite dimensional families of non-singular stationary space times, solutions of the vacuum Einstein equations with a negative cosmological constant.
متن کاملOn Existence of Non-singular, Vacuum, Stationary Space-times with a Negative Cosmological Constant
We construct infinite dimensional families of non-singular stationary space times, solutions of the vacuum Einstein equations with a negative cosmological constant.
متن کاملSpinning of Particles in Schwarzschild - de - Sitter and Schwarzschild - Anti - de - Sitter Space - Times with ‘ Effective Cosmological Constant
Spinning of particles in SdS and SAdS space-times with effective cosmological constant is discussed in details. It is shown that the equilibrium conditions are independent of the spin of the test particles and are satisfied only for particular conditions relating the Einstein’s cosmological constant with the ultra-light masses implemented in the theory from supergravities arguments and non-mini...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
دوره شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2006